Conference Paper

L. Hua and J. E. Fowler, "A Performance Analysis of Spread-Spectrum Watermarking Based on Redundant Transforms," in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, Lausanne, Switzerland, August 2002, vol. 2, pp. 553-556.

• Abstract:
  Spread-spectrum watermarking, in which random noise is added to transform coefficients and detected with a correlation operator, has become a preferred paradigm for many watermarking applications. This paper analyzes the performance of such a watermarking system when the underlying transform is a tight frame rather than a traditional orthonormal expansion. The analysis indicates that a tight frame offers no inherent performance advantage over an orthonormal transform in the watermark-detection process despite the well known ability of redundant transforms to accommodate greater amounts of added noise for a given distortion.

• Text:

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